In which type of network topology does each node connect to a central hub?

In a star topology, each node—such as computers, printers, and other devices—connects individually to a central hub or switch. This central device acts as a facilitator for the communication between all the connected nodes. The star topology is widely used due to its simplicity and reliability; if one connection fails, it does not affect the other nodes on the network, allowing for easy troubleshooting and isolation of issues. Additionally, the centralized nature of the hub simplifies network management and makes it easier to add or remove devices without disrupting the entire network.

In contrast, other topologies function differently. For instance, in a mesh topology, each node connects to multiple other nodes, creating a network that can route data through various pathways. A bus topology relies on a single communication line (the bus) where all nodes are connected; if the bus fails, the entire network goes down. In a ring topology, each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a circular pathway for data. This means that if one connection fails, it can cause disruptions unless there is a method in place to bypass the fault. Each of these alternatives has unique operational characteristics that differentiate them from the star topology's structure and function.