What is the primary function of a switch in a network?

The primary function of a switch in a network is to connect multiple devices and direct data packets between them. This device operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and uses MAC addresses to forward data only to the intended device within the same local area network (LAN). By doing so, switches enhance overall network efficiency and performance by reducing unnecessary traffic and collisions, leading to more effective data transmission.

Switches create a network infrastructure that allows various devices, such as computers, printers, and servers, to communicate with each other seamlessly. They learn the MAC addresses of connected devices through a process known as MAC address learning, which helps them make intelligent decisions about where to forward incoming packets. This capability is essential for maintaining a smooth flow of information in a networked environment, especially in environments with numerous devices.

While firewalls focus on network security, data storage, and traffic monitoring serve different purposes, they do not fulfill the central role of connecting devices and managing data flow, which is why the first option accurately describes the primary function of a network switch.